Saltmeadow Cordgrass
Spartina patens
Saltmeadow cordgrass grows in the high marsh, seen above with black needlerush near Hopkins Cove in Crocheron, Md., on July 31, 2017. (Photo by Will Parson/Chesapeake Bay Program)
Saltmeadow cordgrass has drooping, wiry, dark green leaves that often form a whorled pattern. Above, saltmeadow cordgrass grows at Ferry Point Park in Chester, Md., on July 9, 2019. (Photo by Will Parson/Chesapeake Bay Program) For noncommercial use contact the Chesapeake Bay Program
Saltmeadow cordgrass has spikes of tiny, overlapping florets that bloom in June-October. (Photo courtesy Sandy Richard/Flickr CC BY-NC 2.0)
Saltmeadow cordgrass is a native perennial grass with wiry leaves that often form a whorled pattern. It grows in high, irregularly flooded areas of salt and brackish marshes along the Chesapeake Bay.
Appearance
Saltmeadow cordgrass has drooping, wiry, dark green leaves that grow 6 to 12 inches in length. The leaves are shiny on top and rough on the bottom. Spikes of tiny, overlapping florets bloom in June to October. The rhizomes are long and slender. Saltmeadow cordgrass grows 1 to 4 feet tall.
Reproduction and Life Cycle
Saltmeadow cordgrass usually reproduces asexually when its long, underground rhizomes spread and form new stems. It also produces seeds sparsely.
Did You Know?
- Saltmeadow cordgrass is also known as saltmeadow hay.
- Its stems are easily bent and blown over by the wind, giving the grass its distinctive whorled, “cowlick” appearance.
Sources and Additional Information
- Native Plants for Wildlife Habitat and Conservation Landscaping: Chesapeake Bay Watershed – U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
- Life in the Chesapeake Bay by Alice Jane Lippson and Robert L. Lippson
- PLANTS Database: Spartina patens – USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service
- Spartina patens – U.S. Forest Service
Quick Facts
Species
Native
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Size
1 to 4 feet tall -
Habitat
Grows in dense colonies in high parts of salt and brackish tidal marshes; very common in parts of the marsh that are irregularly flooded by tides. Also found on beaches, dunes and tidal flats.
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Range
Found near the shores of the middle and lower Chesapeake Bay and its tidal creeks and rivers.
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Status
Stable
